Hypertension: A Silent Killer

Hypertension can affect anyone, regardless of age or lifestyle. That is why it is crucial to stay informed and take preventive measures.

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic condition characterized by consistently elevated force exerted by the blood against artery walls. If left untreated, it can contribute to various medical conditions such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and other health complications. Early treatment is essential to mitigate these risks and maintain overall well-being.

But what causes hypertension? There are several factors that can increase the likelihood of developing this condition. Some key factors include: 

• Family history of hypertension
• Advanced age
• Obesity
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Excessive salt intake
• Alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Chronic stress

High blood pressure often presents with no noticeable symptoms. In fact, there have been cases where individuals have reached dangerously high blood pressure levels without showing any visible signs.

However, some people with severe hypertension may experience symptoms such as:

• Headaches
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Nausea
• Blurred vision
• Ringing in the ears
• Palpitations or irregular heartbeats

However, these symptoms are non-specific and typically do not manifest until high blood pressure has reached a severe or life-threatening level.

Managing hypertension involves making lifestyle changes and, in some cases, taking prescribed medications under the guidance of a physician. Lifestyle changes include adopting a healthy, low-sodium diet, increasing physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol intake, quitting smoking, and managing stress levels.

Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is expressed as two numbers: systolic and diastolic pressure. Depending on the measured values, blood pressure levels are classified into the following categories:

Normal blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg or lower.

High blood pressure: Systolic value is 120 to 129 mm Hg and Diastolic value is below 80 mm Hg.

Stage 1 hypertension: Systolic value ranges from 130 to 139 mm Hg and Diastolic value is between 80 and 89 mm Hg.

Stage 2 hypertension: Systolic value is 140 mm Hg or higher and Diastolic value is 90 mm Hg or higher.

A blood pressure reading of 180/120 mm Hg or higher indicates a hypertensive crisis, which is a medical emergency. If you or someone you know experiences this measurement, you should seek immediate medical attention.